European Central Bank Press conference comparison — 16 March 2023 vs 15 June 2023

This European Central Bank press conference comparison covers 16 March 2023 and 15 June 2023. Overall, the newer document was more hawkish. The ECB has shifted decisively hawkish across rate path and balance sheet, while introducing labour market concerns as an additional inflation risk. This signals further tightening in July and a prolonged period of restrictive policy, with no pivot in sight.

What changed

More hawkish. The ECB has shifted decisively hawkish across rate path and balance sheet, while introducing labour market concerns as an additional inflation risk. This signals further tightening in July and a prolonged period of restrictive policy, with no pivot in sight.

  • Inflation — Little changed. Both documents describe inflation as too high for too long, but the current version notes that inflation 'has been coming down,' a slight improvement that does not alter the overall hawkish stance.
  • Labour Market — More hawkish. The current document introduces a new focus on labour market tightness and wage pressures, a hawkish addition absent from the prior statement.
  • Rate Path — More hawkish. The current statement delivers a 25bp hike with explicit guidance for another hike in July and a commitment to keep rates restrictive, a hawkish shift from prior mixed messaging.
  • Balance Sheet — More hawkish. The current document announces an end to APP reinvestments and a large TLTRO repayment, a hawkish acceleration of balance sheet normalization compared to prior neutral stance.

Key wording

Inflation is projected to remain too high for too long.

inflation: High-for-long inflation view justifies the rate hike.

Therefore, the Governing Council today decided to increase the three key ECB interest rates by 50 basis points, in line with our determination to ensure the timely return of inflation to our two per cent medium-term target.

rate path: 50bp hike confirms continued tightening despite financial tensions.

the Governing Council today decided to increase the three key ECB interest rates by 50 basis points

rate path: Rate hike signals continued tightening despite banking stress.

The elevated level of uncertainty reinforces the importance of a data-dependent approach to our policy rate decisions, which will be determined by our assessment of the inflation outlook in light of the incoming economic and financial data, the dynamics of underlying inflation, and the strength of monetary policy transmission.

rate path: Data-dependent guidance leaves optionality for future moves.

We are monitoring current market tensions closely and stand ready to respond as necessary to preserve price stability and financial stability in the euro area.

balance sheet: Pledge to address financial stability risks flags potential easing.

Moreover, many firms were able to raise their profit margins in sectors faced with constrained supply and resurgent demand.

inflation: Acknowledges profit margins as inflation driver, moderates wage narrative.

Inflation has been coming down but is projected to remain too high for too long.

inflation: Highlights persistent inflation, justifying ongoing tightening.

The Governing Council therefore today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: Confirms the 25bp rate hike, directly affecting short-term rates.

The Governing Council therefore today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points

rate path: Direct rate hike decision.

Our future decisions will ensure that the key ECB interest rates will be brought to levels sufficiently restrictive to achieve a timely return of inflation to our two per cent medium-term target and will be kept at those levels for as long as necessary.

rate path: Signals further rate increases and a prolonged period of restrictive rates, steepening the rate path.

These higher borrowing rates, together with tighter credit supply conditions and lower loan demand, have further weakened credit dynamics.

balance sheet: Confirms transmission of tightening to economy.

Upside risks to inflation include potential renewed upward pressures on the costs of energy and food, also related to Russia’s war against Ukraine. A lasting rise in inflation expectations above our target, or higher than anticipated increases in wages or profit margins, could also drive inflation higher, including over the medium term. Recent wage agreements in a number of countries have added to the upside risks to inflation.

inflation: Explicitly highlights upside inflation risks, reinforcing need for further tightening.

Official documents

Background reading

Related

16 March 2023 press conference · 15 June 2023 press conference · Earlier meeting · Later meeting · Previous comparison · Next comparison · Methodology

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