Federal Reserve Press conference comparison — 17 March 2021 vs 28 April 2021

This Federal Reserve press conference comparison covers 17 March 2021 and 28 April 2021. Overall, the newer document was broadly unchanged. Overall, the April statement reaffirms the March posture with no significant shift in any topic. The committee remains firmly accommodative, signaling no near-term policy change.

What changed

Broadly unchanged. Overall, the April statement reaffirms the March posture with no significant shift in any topic. The committee remains firmly accommodative, signaling no near-term policy change.

  • Inflation — Little changed. Inflation rhetoric remains consistently dovish, with repeated emphasis on transitory effects; the addition of a conditional hawkish phrase does not represent a directional shift.
  • Labour Market — Little changed. Labour market language remains heavily dovish, highlighting a large jobs deficit; no material change from prior.
  • Rate Path — Little changed. Rate path guidance continues to emphasize patient accommodation; no material change from prior.
  • Balance Sheet — Little changed. Balance sheet language is new in current document but consistent with prior QE continuation expectations; no directional shift.

Key wording

Today the FOMC kept interest rates near zero and maintained our sizable asset purchases.

rate path: No change in rates or QE, as expected.

With regard to interest rates, we continue to expect it will be appropriate to maintain the current 0 to ¼ percent target range for the federal funds rate until labor market conditions have reached levels consistent with the Committee’s assessment of maximum employment and inflation has risen to 2 percent and is on track to moderately exceed 2 percent for some time.

rate path: Rates on hold until both goals met, including overshooting inflation.

I would note that a transitory rise in inflation above 2 percent, as seems likely to occur this year, would not meet this standard.

inflation: Powell downplays temporary inflation overshoot, signaling no policy tightening.

Overall inflation remains below our 2 percent longer-run objective.

inflation: Current inflation still low, supporting accommodative stance.

However, these one-time increases in prices are likely to have only transient effects on inflation.

inflation: Reinforces view that inflation spike is temporary.

Employment is 9.5 million below its pre-pandemic level.

labour market: Large employment shortfall justifies continued support.

Today my colleagues on the FOMC and I kept interest rates near zero and maintained our sizable asset purchases.

rate path: Confirms no change in rates or asset purchases; steady policy.

we’ve said that we would continue at the current pace of asset purchases until we see substantial further progress toward our goals. So—and that is, that is what it is, substantial further progress. For interest rates, as I—as I said a moment ago, we want to see labor market conditions consistent with maximum employment, we want to see inflation at 2 percent, and we want to see it on track to exceed 2 percent. So those are our tests.

rate path: Explicit conditionality for QE tapering and rate lift-off, emphasizing patience and desire for inflation overshoot.

However, these one-time increases in prices are likely to have only transitory effects on inflation.

inflation: Downplays inflation risk as transitory, supporting accommodative policy.

It seems unlikely, frankly, that we would see inflation moving up in a persistent way that would actually move inflation expectations up while there was still significant slack in the labor market.

inflation: Downplays persistent inflation risk due to labor slack, reinforcing tolerance for temporary overshoot.

But those pressures are likely to be temporary as they are associated with the reopening process.

inflation: Reinforces view that inflation is transitory, reducing urgency to tighten.

we’re a long way from full employment. We’re—you know, payroll jobs are 8.4 million below where they were in February of 2020. We’ve got a long ways to go.

labour market: Highlights large labor shortfall, supporting continued accommodative policy.

Official documents

Background reading

Related

17 March 2021 press conference · 28 April 2021 press conference · Earlier meeting · Later meeting · Previous comparison · Next comparison · Methodology

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