European Central Bank Press conference comparison — 15 June 2023 vs 14 September 2023

This European Central Bank press conference comparison covers 15 June 2023 and 14 September 2023. Overall, the newer document was more dovish. The ECB raised rates by 25bp but the overall tone turned dovish as forward guidance shifted to a 'sufficiently long duration' stance and acknowledged dissent and weaker growth. The next decision is likely a pause unless inflation surprises upward.

What changed

More dovish. The ECB raised rates by 25bp but the overall tone turned dovish as forward guidance shifted to a 'sufficiently long duration' stance and acknowledged dissent and weaker growth. The next decision is likely a pause unless inflation surprises upward.

  • Inflation — More dovish. Inflation assessment slightly less hawkish: prior emphasised persistent inflation and upside risks, while current highlights significant progress and signs of profit squeeze, though still hawkish overall.
  • Labour Market — Little changed. Labour market language remains broadly unchanged with both documents highlighting strong conditions and wage growth, no material shift.
  • Rate Path — More dovish. Rate path guidance shifted dovishly: prior included explicit July hike guidance and further tightening commitment; current signals rates may have reached peak and longer duration, with growing dissent and growth downgrades.
  • Balance Sheet — Little changed. Balance sheet stance is neutral: prior had active tightening via TLTRO and APP, but current contains no new balance sheet signals, implying no change.

Key wording

Inflation has been coming down but is projected to remain too high for too long.

inflation: Highlights persistent inflation, justifying ongoing tightening.

The Governing Council therefore today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: Confirms the 25bp rate hike, directly affecting short-term rates.

The Governing Council therefore today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points

rate path: Direct rate hike decision.

Our future decisions will ensure that the key ECB interest rates will be brought to levels sufficiently restrictive to achieve a timely return of inflation to our two per cent medium-term target and will be kept at those levels for as long as necessary.

rate path: Signals further rate increases and a prolonged period of restrictive rates, steepening the rate path.

The labour market remains a source of strength. Almost a million new jobs were added in the first quarter of the year and the unemployment rate stood at its historical low of 6.5 per cent in April.

labour market: Tight labour market adds to wage pressure, complicating disinflation.

Upside risks to inflation include potential renewed upward pressures on the costs of energy and food, also related to Russia’s war against Ukraine. A lasting rise in inflation expectations above our target, or higher than anticipated increases in wages or profit margins, could also drive inflation higher, including over the medium term. Recent wage agreements in a number of countries have added to the upside risks to inflation.

inflation: Explicitly highlights upside inflation risks, reinforcing need for further tightening.

Inflation continues to decline but is still expected to remain too high for too long.

inflation: Inflation still too high, justifying further action.

In order to reinforce progress towards our target, the Governing Council today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: Rate hike of 25bp, confirming tightening bias.

the Governing Council today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: 25bp hike confirms tightening, but markets are more focused on the end of the cycle.

the Governing Council today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points

rate path: Confirms the 25 bp hike, the main policy decision.

the labour market is still going strongly, the employees’ wages are growing, the employee remuneration is still increasing at 5.5% ... and the lowest unemployment rates we have ever had.

labour market: Strong labour market and wage growth risk keeping inflation elevated, supporting rate hikes.

Back in October we were at 10.6%. We are down to 5.3% now

inflation: Highlights significant progress in reducing inflation, reducing urgency for further tightening.

Official documents

Background reading

Related

15 June 2023 press conference · 14 September 2023 press conference · Earlier meeting · Later meeting · Previous comparison · Next comparison · Methodology

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