European Central Bank Press conference comparison — 27 July 2023 vs 14 September 2023

This European Central Bank press conference comparison covers 27 July 2023 and 14 September 2023. Overall, the newer document was mixed. The ECB delivered a 25bp hike but signaled rates may have peaked, with forward guidance emphasizing duration over further hikes. Dovish dissent and growth downgrade tilt the risk balance toward an earlier end to tightening, leaving next move data-dependent and likely a hold.

What changed

Mixed. The ECB delivered a 25bp hike but signaled rates may have peaked, with forward guidance emphasizing duration over further hikes. Dovish dissent and growth downgrade tilt the risk balance toward an earlier end to tightening, leaving next move data-dependent and likely a hold.

  • Inflation — Little changed. Inflation still described as too high for too long, but progress noted; no material shift from prior's mixed stance.
  • Labour Market — More hawkish. Labour market strength and wage growth highlighted for the first time, adding a new hawkish concern.
  • Rate Path — More dovish. Forward guidance shifts to rates at levels that can be maintained for long duration, with dissent and growth downgrade signaling peak near.
  • Balance Sheet — Little changed. No explicit balance sheet passages in current document; prior neutral/dovish content unchanged.

Key wording

The Governing Council therefore today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: Confirms a rate hike, signaling continued tightening.

Our future decisions will ensure that the key ECB interest rates will be set at sufficiently restrictive levels for as long as necessary to achieve a timely return of inflation to our two per cent medium-term target.

rate path: Signals rates will stay high for an extended period, reinforcing restrictive stance.

Our future decisions will ensure that the key ECB interest rates will be set at sufficiently restrictive levels for as long as necessary to achieve a timely return of inflation to our two per cent medium-term target. We will continue to follow a data-dependent approach to determining the appropriate level and duration of restriction.

rate path: Data-dependent guidance leaves September open.

Upside risks to inflation include potential renewed upward pressures on the costs of energy and food, also related to Russia's unilateral withdrawal from the Black Sea Grain Initiative.

inflation: Highlights specific upside risks to inflation, suggesting further tightening may be needed.

we might hike and we might hold, and what is decided in September is not definitive.

rate path: Explicitly open to either hike or hold next meeting.

we are definitely seeing monetary policy being transmitted and being transmitted strongly. That’s obviously the case for the first leg and it is now also beginning to be the case in the second one.

balance sheet: Transmission is materializing strongly, supporting case for potential pause.

In order to reinforce progress towards our target, the Governing Council today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: Rate hike of 25bp, confirming tightening bias.

the Governing Council today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points.

rate path: 25bp hike confirms tightening, but markets are more focused on the end of the cycle.

the Governing Council today decided to raise the three key ECB interest rates by 25 basis points

rate path: Confirms the 25 bp hike, the main policy decision.

Back in October we were at 10.6%. We are down to 5.3% now

inflation: Highlights significant progress in reducing inflation, reducing urgency for further tightening.

Based on our current assessment, we consider that the key ECB interest rates have reached levels that, maintained for a sufficiently long duration, will make a substantial contribution to the timely return of inflation to our target.

rate path: Signals rates at or near peak, but need to keep them high for long.

Based on our current assessment, we consider that the key ECB interest rates have reached levels that, maintained for a sufficiently long duration, will make a substantial contribution to the timely return of inflation to our target. Our future decisions will ensure that the key ECB interest rates will be set at sufficiently restrictive levels for as long as necessary.

rate path: Signals rates may be at peak but need to stay high for long; conditionality on data.

Official documents

Background reading

Related

27 July 2023 press conference · 14 September 2023 press conference · Earlier meeting · Later meeting · Previous comparison · Next comparison · Methodology

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