Federal Reserve Press conference comparison — 14 December 2022 vs 3 May 2023

This Federal Reserve press conference comparison covers 14 December 2022 and 3 May 2023. Overall, the newer document was more dovish. The overall shift is clearly dovish across all topics, with the most significant signal being the removal of the forward guidance bias and the opening to a pause. The Fed appears to be in a wait-and-see mode, with the next decision likely to be a hold unless data forces further tightening.

What changed

More dovish. The overall shift is clearly dovish across all topics, with the most significant signal being the removal of the forward guidance bias and the opening to a pause. The Fed appears to be in a wait-and-see mode, with the next decision likely to be a hold unless data forces further tightening.

  • Inflation — More dovish. Current document downplays wage pressure as not principal driver of inflation and notes moderation, softening the hawkish vigilance of the prior document.
  • Labour Market — More dovish. Shift from 'out of balance, demand substantially exceeding supply' to 'very tight' plus added recession less likely and wages not key driver, reducing urgency.
  • Rate Path — More dovish. Removal of 'anticipates' language, emphasis on data-dependency and nearing end of hiking cycle, with several dovish signals (pause considered, credit tightening reduces need) overshadowing hawkish lines (prepared to do more, won't cut).
  • Balance Sheet — More dovish. Prior document had no balance sheet passage; current document notes resolution of First Republic reduces systemic risk, a dovish signal.

Key wording

Today, the FOMC raised our policy interest rate by ½ percentage point.

rate path: Actual rate decision: 50bp hike, step down from 75bp.

We continue to anticipate that ongoing increases will be appropriate in order to attain a stance of monetary policy that is sufficiently restrictive to return inflation to 2 percent over time.

rate path: Reinforces expectation of more rate hikes ahead.

Restoring price stability will likely require maintaining a restrictive policy stance for some time.

rate path: Hints at prolonged tight policy, not just near-term hiking.

participants continue to see risks to inflation as weighted to the upside.

rate path: FOMC sees inflation risk skewed higher, justifying tight policy.

The inflation data received so far for October and November show a welcome reduction in the monthly pace of price increases. But it will take substantially more evidence to give confidence that inflation is on a sustained downward path.

inflation: Acknowledges recent good data but requires more proof before easing.

the labor market continues to be out of balance, with demand substantially exceeding the supply of available workers.

labour market: Tight labour market adds to wage and inflation pressures.

Today, the FOMC raised its policy interest rate by ¼ percentage point.

rate path: Rate hike of 25bp, in line with expectations.

Looking ahead, we will take a data-dependent approach in determining the extent to which additional policy firming may be appropriate.

rate path: Opens door to a pause; no pre-commitment.

We are prepared to do more if greater monetary policy restraint is warranted.

rate path: Keeps further hikes on the table if needed.

today our decision was to raise the federal funds rate by 25 basis points.

rate path: Rate hike confirms continued tightening cycle.

Inflation has moderated somewhat since the middle of last year. Nonetheless, inflation pressures continue to run high, and the process of getting inflation back down to 2 percent has a long way to go.

inflation: Acknowledges progress but stresses persistence, supporting cautious stance.

The labor market remains very tight.

labour market: Tight labor market adds to inflationary pressure, reinforcing bias toward tightening.

Official documents

Background reading

Related

14 December 2022 press conference · 3 May 2023 press conference · Earlier meeting · Later meeting · Previous comparison · Next comparison · Methodology

The Cadence Brief

The one number that moved central bank pricing — delivered each weekday morning.

Free. One email a day. Unsubscribe anytime.