Federal Reserve Press conference comparison — 14 June 2023 vs 26 July 2023

This Federal Reserve press conference comparison covers 14 June 2023 and 26 July 2023. Overall, the newer document was more dovish. The July statement delivered a 25bp hike but the overall tone was less hawkish than June, with more emphasis on data dependence and less conviction about additional tightening. This suggests the Fed is likely to pause in September unless data surprises to the upside.

What changed

More dovish. The July statement delivered a 25bp hike but the overall tone was less hawkish than June, with more emphasis on data dependence and less conviction about additional tightening. This suggests the Fed is likely to pause in September unless data surprises to the upside.

  • Inflation — Little changed. Inflation description remains largely unchanged ('moderated somewhat' and 'long way to go'), with added references to elevated core but also room for patience, resulting in no net shift.
  • Labour Market — More dovish. Prior characterization of 'very tight' labour market shifts to acknowledgement of potential softening and need for further easing in labour conditions, a dovish turn.
  • Rate Path — More dovish. Forward guidance shifts from explicit projection of further hikes to a data-dependent approach with optionality for both hike and hold, and introduction of soft landing and eventual cuts narrative—a dovish reduction in tightening bias.
  • Balance Sheet — Little changed. No substantial change in balance sheet policy; a minor downplay of balance sheet as active tool maintains neutral stance.

Key wording

today we decided to leave our policy interest rate unchanged and to continue to reduce our securities holdings.

rate path: The decision to skip a hike despite prior tightening streak; a hawkish hold.

nearly all Committee participants view it as likely that some further rate increases will be appropriate this year to bring inflation down to 2 percent over time.

rate path: Explicit signal that more hikes are coming, contradicting market hopes for a pause.

Inflation has moderated somewhat since the middle of last year. Nonetheless, inflation pressures continue to run high, and the process of getting inflation back down to 2 percent has a long way to go.

inflation: Underlines that inflation is still too high and disinflation is incomplete.

the median participant projects that the appropriate level of the federal funds rate will be 5.6 percent at the end of this year

rate path: Median dot moved up 50bp from March, implying roughly two more quarter-point hikes.

we judged it prudent to hold the target range steady to allow the Committee to assess additional information and its implications for monetary policy.

rate path: Justification for the skip: to gather more data, not a shift in bias.

The labor market remains very tight.

labour market: Confirms persistent strength in jobs, adding to inflation pressures.

Today we took another step by raising our policy interest rate ¼ percentage point, and we are continuing to reduce our securities holdings at a brisk pace.

rate path: Confirms 25bp hike and ongoing balance sheet reduction.

Looking ahead, we will continue to take a data-dependent approach in determining the extent of additional policy firming that may be appropriate.

rate path: Reaffirms data-dependent stance, no pre-commitment on next move.

Inflation has moderated somewhat since the middle of last year. Nonetheless, the process of getting inflation back down to 2 percent has a long way to go.

inflation: Acknowledges moderation but stresses inflation remains too high, signaling further tightening possible.

It will take time, however, for the full effects of our ongoing monetary restraint to be realized, especially on inflation.

rate path: Highlights lagged effects, reducing urgency for additional hikes.

I would say it is certainly possible that we would raise funds again at the September meeting if the data warrant it, and I would also say it’s possible that we would choose to hold steady at that meeting. We’re going to be making careful assessments, as I said, meeting by meeting

rate path: Open-ended forward guidance leaves both hike and hold on table for September, key for near-term rate expectations.

the historical record—we have to be honest about the historical record, which does suggest that when central banks go in and slow the economy to bring down inflation, the result tends to be some softening in labor market conditions. And so that is still the, the likely outcome here.

labour market: Acknowledges likely labour market softening as cost of disinflation, validating market concerns.

Official documents

Background reading

Related

14 June 2023 press conference · 26 July 2023 press conference · Earlier meeting · Later meeting · Previous comparison · Next comparison · Methodology

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